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Phospholipase A$_{2}$start subscript, 2, end subscript (PLA$_{2}$start subscript, 2, end subscript) proteins are major components of snake venoms. When an animal is bitten by a venomous snake, these PLA$_{2}$start subscript, 2, end subscript enzymes catalyze the breakdown of phospholipids and can disrupt cell membranes, leading to muscle damage and other effects. Snake venoms often contain multiple types of PLA$_{2}$start subscript, 2, end subscript proteins, each with a slightly different amino acid sequence.

The pit viper Protobothrops flavoviridis contains multiple PLA$_{2}$start subscript, 2, end subscript enzymes, including BP-I and BP-II. The amino acid sequences of BP-I and BP-II differ by only one amino acid. A group of scientists tested the enzymatic activity of BP-I and BP-II over a range of concentrations. Their results are shown in Figure 1.