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VSEPR dla 5 chmur elektronowych (część 1)

In this video, we apply VSEPR theory to molecules and ions with five groups or “clouds” of electrons around the central atom. To minimize repulsions, five electron clouds will always adopt a trigonal bipyramidal electron geometry. Depending on how many of the clouds are lone pairs, the molecular geometry will be trigonal bipyramidal (no lone pairs), seesaw (one lone pair), T-shaped (two lone pairs), or linear (three lone pairs). This video focuses on the first two molecular geometries, trigonal bipyramidal and seesaw. Stworzone przez: Jay.

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Let's use the VSEPR theory to predict the structure of this molecule. So, phosphorus chloride. What you need to do is draw a dot strucutre to show the valence electrons, find the phosphorus in group 5, so 5 valence electrons. Chlorine is in group 7, so 7 valence electrons, and I have five of them, so 7x5 is 35 plus 5 gives us a total of 40 valence electrons that we need to show in our dot structure. So, phosphorus goes in the centre because it is not as electronegative as chlorine, and we have 5 chlorine so we go ahead, and put our 5 chlorines around our central phosphorus atom like that. We see how many valence electrons we've drawn so far. This will be two, four, six eight and ten, so forty minus ten gives us 30 valence electrons left over, and remember you start putting those leftover electrons on your terminal atom, so we're going to put those on the chlorines, and the chlorine.. each chlorine is going to follow the octed rule, so that means each chlorine needs 6 more electrons, so now each Cl is surrounded by 8 valence electrons like that, so if I am adding six more electrons to five atoms, six times 5 is thirty, so I have now represented all of my valence electrons on my dot structure. Notice that phosphorus is exceeding the octed rule here, there are 10 valence elextrons