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Kurs: Biologia w szkole średniej > Rozdział 3
Lekcja 5: FotosyntezaPhotosynthesis review
Kluczowe terminy
Term | Meaning |
---|---|
Photosynthesis | The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy to chemical energy in the form of sugars |
Photoautotroph | An organism that produces its own food using light energy (like plants) |
ATP | Adenosine triphosphate, the primary energy carrier in living things |
Chloroplast | The plant cell structure where photosynthesis occurs |
Thylakoids | Disc-like structures within a chloroplast that help absorb light |
Grana | Stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast |
Chlorophyll | A pigment found in the thylakoid that absorbs light energy and uses it to produce carbohydrates |
Stroma | Fluid-filled space surrounding the grana |
Photosynthesis reaction
During photosynthesis, photoautotrophs use energy from the sun, along with carbon dioxide and water, to form glucose and oxygen.
The overall equation for photosynthesis is:
The stages of photosynthesis
There are two main stages of photosynthesis: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.
Stage | Location | Events | Requires sunlight? |
---|---|---|---|
Light-dependent reactions | Thylakoid membrane | Light energy is captured by chloroplasts and stored as ATP | Yes |
Calvin cycle | Stroma | ATP is used to create sugars that the plant will use to grow and live | No |
Często spotykane błędy i nieporozumienia
- Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are almost opposite processes. Looking at their equations, they differ only in the form of energy that is being absorbed or released. However, they are not simply the reversal of each other, as each one takes place in its own particular series of steps.
- Plants are green because chlorophyll reflects green light. Many people think that chlorophyll is green because it wants to absorb and use green light. However, this is not true. The color we see is actually the color of light that is being reflected. Therefore, chlorophyll reflects green light, while absorbing red and blue light.
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